The vulnerability as described in ISO/IEC 24772-1 clause 6.54 applies to C++.
C++ is a rich language and provides facilities for a wide range of application areas with a long history of evolution. The latter means that evolution of the language also means an evolution of best and safe practices. This means that code can look obscure, because it either uses obsolete or very modern language idioms.
To avoid the vulnerability or mitigate its ill effects, C++ software developers can:
Follow the avoidance mechanisms of ISO/IEC 24772-1 clause 6.54.5.
Use static analysis tools or multiple compilers to help identify occurrences of obscure language features.